Analisis Akad Istishna Terhadap Ketidakteraturan Pembayaran Pada Praktik Jual Beli Pesanan Dengan Skema Perjanjian Angsuran di Bengkel Las Moal Waka

Abstract. The practice of selling and buying orders based on the Istishna' contract is increasingly being implemented in the micro-business sector, including at Moal Waka Welding Workshop in Purwakarta. This research aims to describe the buying and selling practices with an installment scheme at the workshop and to analyze their compatibility with the principles of Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh muamalah). The research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study method. Data was obtained through interviews with workshop owners, consumers, and Islamic scholars, as well as through observation and documentation. The research results show that, in substance, the contract executed has met the pillars and conditions of Istishna', such as clarity of the object, price, and offer and acceptance. However, weaknesses were found in the administrative aspects, namely the absence of a written agreement, irregular installment schedules, and a lack of payment monitoring system. This condition has the potential to create ambiguity (gharar) that contradicts Islamic principles. This research emphasizes the importance of recording contracts in writing to prevent conflicts, ensure fairness, and maintain transparency in transactions. The results of this study are expected to serve as a reference for MSME actors in implementing the Istishna' contract in a more orderly and Sharia-compliant manner. Abstrak. Praktik jual beli pesanan berbasis akad Istishna’ semakin banyak diterapkan dalam sektor usaha mikro, termasuk di Bengkel Las Moal Waka, Purwakarta. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan praktik jual beli dengan skema angsuran di bengkel tersebut serta menganalisis kesesuaiannya dengan prinsip fikih muamalah. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan metode studi kasus. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan pemilik bengkel, konsumen, dan ahli fikih, serta melalui observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara substansi, akad yang dijalankan telah memenuhi rukun dan syarat Istishna’, seperti kejelasan objek, harga, dan ijab qabul. Namun, kelemahan ditemukan pada aspek administratif, yaitu tidak adanya perjanjian tertulis, ketidakteraturan jadwal angsuran, dan kurangnya sistem pengawasan pembayaran. Kondisi ini berpotensi menimbulkan ketidakjelasan (gharar) yang bertentangan dengan prinsip syariah. Penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya pencatatan akad secara tertulis untuk mencegah konflik, menjaga keadilan, dan memastikan transparansi dalam transaksi. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi rujukan bagi pelaku UMKM dalam menerapkan akad Istishna’ yang lebih tertib dan sesuai syariah.