Preparation, Characterization, and Evaluation of Quercetin-Loaded Mucoadhesive Tablet for the Treatment of Gastric Ulcer: An In-vitro Approach

Introduction: This study aimed to formulate, characterize, and evaluate quercetinloaded mucoadhesive tablets using natural polymers for sustained release and effective gastric ulcer treatment. background: Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is a prevalent gastrointestinal disorder categorized by ulcer location: gastric ulcers in the stomach, esophageal ulcers in the esophagus, and duodenal ulcers in the duodenum . Gastric ulcers, also called stomach ulcers, are characterized by sores or lesions in the stomach lining. These ulcers may also develop in the upper small intestine, where they are termed duodenal ulcers Methods: Quercetin-loaded mucoadhesive tablets were formulated using direct compression with MCC, HPMC and chitosan. Pre-compression tests (angle of repose, bulk density, and compressibility index) and post-compression parameters (thickness, hardness, friability, and swelling index) were evaluated. Mucoadhesive properties were tested with goat stomach mucosa (ex vivo), and in vitro drug-release studies were conducted in 0.1N HCl over 24 h. objective: This study aimed to formulate, characterize, and evaluate quercetin-loaded mucoadhesive tablets using natural polymers for sustained drug release and effective gastric ulcer treatment. Results: FTIR showed no significant drug-excipient interactions. Pre-compression studies indicated good flow properties (angle of repose between 25.5° and 30° and Carr’s index ranging from 10.00% to 16.66%). The tablets had a uniform yellow appearance with a smooth texture. Hardness, friability, and swelling index ranged from 3.00 to 7.75 kg, 0.64% to 0.99%, and 135% to 452%, respectively. Ex vivo mucoadhesive strength ranged between 14-23 g, with a retention time of 3 to 24 h. The optimized formulation (F9), containing xanthan gum, HPMC, and chitosan, showed in vitro sustained drug release (94.863 ± 2.735% CDR) over 24 h. method: Quercetin-loaded mucoadhesive tablets were formulated using direct compression with HPMC and chitosan as mucoadhesive polymers. Pre-compression tests (angle of repose, bulk density, and compressibility index) done for flow properties. Post-compression parameters, such as thickness, hardness, friability, and swelling index, were evaluated. Mucoadhesive properties were tested with goat stomach mucosa, and in-vitro drug release studies in 0.1N HCl demonstrated sustained release over 24 hours. Discussion: Both pre- and post-formulation evaluations showed satisfactory results, and the ex vivo mucoadhesive strength and in vitro sustained drug release of the F9 formulation showed promising outcomes. Further in vivo and pharmacokinetic studies are required to confirm its therapeutic potential. result: FTIR confirmed no significant drug-excipient interactions. Pre-compression studies indicated good flow properties with an angle of repose between 25.5° to 30.0° & Carr’s index ranging from 10.00% to 16.66%. Tablets had a uniform yellow appearance with smooth texture. Hardness ranged from 3.00 to 7.75 kg, friability was 0.64% to 0.99%, and swelling index varied from 135% to 452%. Mucoadhesive strength ranged between 14-23g, with retention time from 3 to 24 hours. The F9 formulation, containing xanthan gum, HPMC, and chitosan (1:3), showed sustained drug release (94.8 Conclusion: The study successfully developed quercetin-loaded mucoadhesive tablets, of which the optimized formulation (F9) demonstrated prolonged gastric retention, low friability, high mucoadhesive strength, and sustained drug release. Further in vivo and pharmacokinetic studies are required to confirm its therapeutic potential. conclusion: The study successfully developed quercetin-loaded mucoadhesive tablets were F9 formulated with xanthan gum, HPMC & Chitosan (1:3) showed prolonged gastric retention, low friability (0.64%), high mucoadhesive strength (23g) and sustained drug release (94.8 other: NA