Investigating The Therapeutic Potential of Cabbage and Fenugreek Seeds in Gastric Ulcer Induced in Rats

Gastric ulcer (GU) is one of the most prevalent digestive diseases, with a high morbidity rate of 5–10% throughout the lifespan of a human. This study was carried out for 4 weeks to investigate the gastroprotective effect of Trigonella Foenum-graecum L and Brassica oleracea var. capitate var. L. against aspirin-induced gastric ulcer. Six groups of rats were made. Each group containing 4 rats including normal (To), ulcer induced (T1), ulcer pretreated with anti-ulcer drug (T2), ulcer pretreated with 1 mL/kg BW aqueous extract of cabbage (T3), ulcer pretreated with 3 mL/kg BW aqueous extract of fenugreek seeds (T4), and ulcer pretreated with 0.5mL/kg BW cabbage and 1.5 mL/kg BW fenugreek seeds extracts (T5). Ulcer induction was performed by 200 mg aspirin administration orally simultaneously with treatment. Both extracts were subjected to phytochemical analysis (total phenolic and flavonoid content). The histopathological and anti-ulcer observations showed that aqueous extracts of cabbage or fenugreek seeds attenuated the severity of gastric mucosal damage. In aspirin-induced gastric ulcers, the treatment group receiving both extracts considerably (p<0.05) reduced ulcer score, ulcer index, overall acidity, and gastric volume, while also significantly (p<0.05) boosting gastric pH. Furthermore, histological examination revealed that the stomach mucosa was normal in To, T2, and T5, but that the gastric epithelium of T1 was disrupted. While congestion was observed in groups T1, T3, and T4. The findings of the study showed that the combined effect of both extracts has the same potential as the antiulcer drug omeprazole.