Toleransi Plasma Nutfah Padi Lokal terhadap Salinitas

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>The research was aimed to screen the local rice germplasms for salinity tolerance. The 104 local rice germplasms were derived of collection of Gene Bank of Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development (ICABIOGRAD) were tested to salinity. The activities was carried out in greenhouse of ICABIOGRAD. The 15 day old seedlings were planted in pots soil contained NaCl 0.4%. One accession of rice was planted in 2 pots, each pot contained 4 seedlings. Observation of plant symptom was conducted after 1 month planted. The experiment was carried out in a Completely Randomized Design with 2 replications. The results of the analysis showed there were different responsses among rice accesions to the treatment. Salinity caused dry and dead leaves, there were very significant differences between the varieties for plant height, dry weight plant, number of total leaves, and number of green leaves. There were a high and negative correlation of plant height and total number of leaves with percentage of dead leaves. The result showed 21 accesions were tolerant to moderately&amp;#8722;tolerant, while Pokkali as a tolerant check, most tolerant. There were two accessions were tolerant with dead leaf percentage &lt;50%, i.e. Tjempo Brondol (reg. 5800) and Gembira Putih (reg. 20602), whereas Pokkali as resistant check had low dead leaf percentage (16.9%) and 19 accessions were moderately-tolerant with dead leaf percentage &lt;70%, and 82 accesions were sensitive to highly-sensitive.</p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyaring plasma nutfah padi yang memiliki sifat toleran terhadap salinitas. Sejumlah 104 plasma nutfah padi lokal yang berasal dari koleksi Bank Gen BB Biogen diuji terhadap salinitas. Kegiatan dilakukan di rumah kaca BB Biogen. Bibit padi berumur &amp;plusmn;15 hari ditanam pada pot berisi tanah yang sudah dilumpurkan dengan larutan garam NaCl 0,4% (4.000 ppm). Satu aksesi padi ditanam pada 2 pot, masing masing pot berisi 4 tanaman. Setelah berumur 4 minggu dari tanam dilakukan pengamatan meliputi tinggi tanaman, bobot kering akar, bobot kering tanaman, jumlah daun total, jumlah daun hijau, dan jumlah daun mati. Pengujian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 2 ulangan. Hasil analisis varians menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan respons plasma nutfah padi terhadap perlakuan salin yang diberikan. Perbedaan sangat nyata terdapat pada tinggi tanaman, bobot kering tanaman, jumlah daun total, dan jumlah daun hijau. Terdapat korelasi yang tinggi dan negatif pada tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun total dengan persentase daun mati. Hasil pengujian telah terpilih 21 aksesi plasma nutfah padi toleran hingga agak toleran, sedangkan Pokkali sebagai cek sangat toleran. Dua aksesi yang toleran dengan persentase daun mati &lt;50%, yaitu Tjempo Brondol (reg. 5800) dan Gembira Putih (reg. 20602), Pokkali sebagai varietas kontrol dengan tingkat persentase daun mati 16,9%, sedangkan 19 aksesi termasuk kelompok agak toleran dengan persentase daun mati &lt;70%, dan 82 aksesi termasuk kelompok peka hingga sangat peka.</p>