Optimizing Bus Line Based on Metro-Bus Integration

Metros are usually built and added on the basis of a completed bus network in Chinese cities. After the metro construction, it is faced with the problem of how to adjust and optimize the original bus lines based on the new metro system. This research mainly proposes a bus line optimization method based on bus and metro integration. In the consideration of the geographical space, the cooperation and competition relationship between bus and metro lines is qualitatively introduced according to the geographical location and service range of metro (800 m radius) and bus (500 m radius) stations. The competition and cooperation indexes are applied to define the co-opetition relationship between bus and metro lines. The bus line optimization model is constructed based on the co-opetition coefficient and Changsha Metro Line Number 2 is chosen as a case study to verify the optimization model. The results show that the positive competition, efficient cooperation, and travel efficiency between metro and bus has been significantly enhanced after optimization. Moreover, this paper provides a reasonable reference for public transport network planning and resource allocation.