CHALLENGES HINDERING THE ADOPTION OF BIOPHILIC URBANISM IN CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS IN LAFIA, NASARAWA STATE, NIGERIA

This study examines the challenges hindering the adoption of biophilic urbanism in construction projects in Lafia, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Using a quantitative research approach, data were collected from 344 stakeholders, including architects, urban planners, construction companies, government officials, real estate developers, and residents. Descriptive statistical methods were employed to analyze the data and identify key barriers affecting the integration of biophilic principles into urban development. The findings reveal that high initial costs (55%) and the cost of materials (45%) are the most significant financial constraints limiting adoption. Limited awareness and knowledge among stakeholders, particularly residents (39%), also emerged as a major challenge, alongside resistance to change (40%), lack of policy support and incentives (50%), and technical barriers such as shortage of skilled professionals (45%) and limited access to technology (55%). Additionally, the perception that biophilic urbanism offers long-term rather than immediate benefits discourages investment, with 30% of respondents identifying this as a key barrier. The study concludes that the adoption of biophilic urbanism in Lafia is hindered by a combination of economic, institutional, technical, and socio-cultural challenges. It emphasizes the need for integrated strategies, including financial incentives, policy support, capacity building, and public awareness initiatives, to promote the effective implementation of biophilic urbanism. The study recommends a collaborative approach involving government, private sector stakeholders, and local communities to create sustainable, resilient, and livable urban environments.