Basics of Citizen's Rights in Political Affairs from the Perspective of Shia Traditions with Emphasis On Nahj Al-Balagha

This article deals with the fundamental rights of citizens in the framework of political affairs expressed in Shia Islamic traditions with a special focus on Nahj al-Balaghah, a collection of sermons, letters and speeches attributed to Imam Ali (AS). The purpose of this research is to clarify the basic rights and responsibilities of citizens in interaction with government authorities by examining the main principles and values ​​expressed in these sources. The article begins by establishing a basic understanding of the Shia perspective on governance and the role of the state in protecting the rights of citizens. It then examines the key concepts of justice, equality, and accountability expressed in Shia traditions and highlights their relevance to the protection of citizenship rights. Nahj al-Balagha serves as a primary source for this research and provides valuable insights into the moral and political principles that should guide relations between rulers. This article analyzes various expressions of Nahj al-Balagha to identify the specific rights and responsibilities of citizens, such as the right to participate in government, the right to freedom of speech, and the obligation of rulers to observe justice and fairness. In conclusion, this article, relying on the rich and diverse teachings of Nahj al-Balagha, provides a comprehensive overview of the fundamental rights of citizens in political affairs from the perspective of Shia traditions. By clarifying these principles, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of the moral and political framework that should underpin democratic governance