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Spinal Accessory Nerve Injury
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Spinal accessory nerve (SAN) injuries can be idiopathic or iatrogenic. Providers who understand the essential anatomy of the SAN can direct the history, physical exam, and ancillary studies to localize the lesion, while considering the differential diagnosis. The differential diagnosis includes both traumatic and atraumatic causes, including penetrating or blunt trauma to the neck, fracture malunion, glenohumeral instability, brachial neuritis, progressive neuromuscular disease, and cerebrovascular accident. The chapter discusses the timing of, and indications for, operative exploration, with or without nerve repair, as well as the details of the surgical procedure. The authors provide instructive pearls for initial management, establishing patient expectations, and potential complications.
Title: Spinal Accessory Nerve Injury
Description:
Spinal accessory nerve (SAN) injuries can be idiopathic or iatrogenic.
Providers who understand the essential anatomy of the SAN can direct the history, physical exam, and ancillary studies to localize the lesion, while considering the differential diagnosis.
The differential diagnosis includes both traumatic and atraumatic causes, including penetrating or blunt trauma to the neck, fracture malunion, glenohumeral instability, brachial neuritis, progressive neuromuscular disease, and cerebrovascular accident.
The chapter discusses the timing of, and indications for, operative exploration, with or without nerve repair, as well as the details of the surgical procedure.
The authors provide instructive pearls for initial management, establishing patient expectations, and potential complications.
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