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Global Motor, Oral and Deglutition Characteristics in Children with Cerebral Palsy

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AbstractCerebral palsy (CP) is a disorder in postural and movement tone resulting from involvement in the motor centers of the immature brain. Thus, this work sought to expose the global motor, oral, and deglutition characteristics in children with CP. To this end, it performed a cross-sectional study of 100 children with CP. The data collection consisted in the detection of the main global motor and oral alterations, their repercussions on the deglutition process, and the main manifestations of dysphagia according to different consistencies of food and types of cerebral palsy. All children exhibited global motor and oral alterations. There were significant differences between age and global motor alterations. Alterations in the tongue mobility were more present in spastics (p=<0.031). The main manifestations of dysphagia, in decreasing order of occurrence were: premature liquids spillage (70%), cough (60%), decreased bolus formation in solids (57,9%), presence of food residues in the oral cavity (47,4%), increased pasty oral transit (47,1%) and presence of wet voice after the liquids swallowing (30%). Therefore, the influence of pelvic instability and compensatory patterns was observed in the presence of clinical signs of tracheal aspiration. Regardless the type of CP, the global and oral motor alterations lead to deglutition disorders. Keywords: Cerebral Palsy. Child. Deglutition Disorders. Posture ResumoA paralisia cerebral (PC) é uma desordem no tônus postural e de movimento decorrentes de um acometimento nos centros motores do cérebro imaturo. Com isso buscou apresentar as características motoras globais, orais e de deglutição em crianças com PC. Assim, realizou um estudo transversal com amostra de 100 crianças com PC. A coleta de dados consistiu na detecção das principais alterações motoras globais e orais, a repercussão na dinâmica da deglutição e as principais manifestações disfágicas em diferentes consistências alimentares. Todas as crianças apresentaram comprometimentos motores globais e orais. Houve diferença significante entre a idade e as alterações globais. Alteração na mobilidade da língua esteve mais presente em espásticos (p=<0,031). As principais manifestações disfágicas, em ordem decrescente de ocorrência, foram: escape anterior de líquidos (70%), tosse (60%), diminuição da formação do bolo alimentar no sólido (57,9%), presença de resíduos alimentares na cavidade oral após a deglutição de sólidos (47,4%), aumento do trânsito oral de pastoso (47,1%) e presença da voz molhada após a deglutição de líquidos (30%). Então, observou-se a influência das alterações tônicas e posturais na presença de sinais clínicos de aspiração traqueal. Alterações tônicas e posturais com comprometimentos motores orais acarretam transtornos da deglutição em crianças com PC. Palavras-chave: Paralisia Cerebral. Criança. Transtornos da Deglutição. Postura
Title: Global Motor, Oral and Deglutition Characteristics in Children with Cerebral Palsy
Description:
AbstractCerebral palsy (CP) is a disorder in postural and movement tone resulting from involvement in the motor centers of the immature brain.
Thus, this work sought to expose the global motor, oral, and deglutition characteristics in children with CP.
To this end, it performed a cross-sectional study of 100 children with CP.
The data collection consisted in the detection of the main global motor and oral alterations, their repercussions on the deglutition process, and the main manifestations of dysphagia according to different consistencies of food and types of cerebral palsy.
All children exhibited global motor and oral alterations.
There were significant differences between age and global motor alterations.
Alterations in the tongue mobility were more present in spastics (p=<0.
031).
The main manifestations of dysphagia, in decreasing order of occurrence were: premature liquids spillage (70%), cough (60%), decreased bolus formation in solids (57,9%), presence of food residues in the oral cavity (47,4%), increased pasty oral transit (47,1%) and presence of wet voice after the liquids swallowing (30%).
Therefore, the influence of pelvic instability and compensatory patterns was observed in the presence of clinical signs of tracheal aspiration.
Regardless the type of CP, the global and oral motor alterations lead to deglutition disorders.
Keywords: Cerebral Palsy.
Child.
Deglutition Disorders.
Posture ResumoA paralisia cerebral (PC) é uma desordem no tônus postural e de movimento decorrentes de um acometimento nos centros motores do cérebro imaturo.
Com isso buscou apresentar as características motoras globais, orais e de deglutição em crianças com PC.
Assim, realizou um estudo transversal com amostra de 100 crianças com PC.
A coleta de dados consistiu na detecção das principais alterações motoras globais e orais, a repercussão na dinâmica da deglutição e as principais manifestações disfágicas em diferentes consistências alimentares.
Todas as crianças apresentaram comprometimentos motores globais e orais.
Houve diferença significante entre a idade e as alterações globais.
Alteração na mobilidade da língua esteve mais presente em espásticos (p=<0,031).
As principais manifestações disfágicas, em ordem decrescente de ocorrência, foram: escape anterior de líquidos (70%), tosse (60%), diminuição da formação do bolo alimentar no sólido (57,9%), presença de resíduos alimentares na cavidade oral após a deglutição de sólidos (47,4%), aumento do trânsito oral de pastoso (47,1%) e presença da voz molhada após a deglutição de líquidos (30%).
Então, observou-se a influência das alterações tônicas e posturais na presença de sinais clínicos de aspiração traqueal.
Alterações tônicas e posturais com comprometimentos motores orais acarretam transtornos da deglutição em crianças com PC.
Palavras-chave: Paralisia Cerebral.
Criança.
Transtornos da Deglutição.
Postura.

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