In Vitro Evaluation of the Erythrocyte Osmotic Fragility Potentials of Trigonella foenum-graecum and Syzygium aromaticum

Erythrocyte membrane integrity plays a critical role in maintaining red blood cell functionality and lifespan. In sickle cell disease (SCD), oxidative damage and dehydration compromise erythrocyte stability. This study investigates the osmotic fragility effects of aqueous extracts of Trigonella foenum-graecum and Syzygium aromaticum, both individually and in combination. Using hypotonic saline solutions ranging from 0.1% to 0.9%, erythrocyte stability was assessed by spectrophotometric measurement of hemolysis. Results showed that all plant extracts conferred protective effects on sickled erythrocytes, particularly T. foenum-graecum decoction and the synergistic combination. These findings support their potential role in membrane stabilization therapy for SCD management.