In Vitro Anti-sickling and Polymerization Inhibition Potentials of Trigonella foenum-graecum and Syzygium aromaticum

Sickle cell disease (SCD) remains a significant global health burden, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. This study evaluated the in vitro anti-sickling and hemoglobin polymerization inhibition potentials of aqueous extracts of Trigonella foenum-graecum and Syzygium aromaticum. Emmel's technique was used to assess sickled cell reversal, while hemoglobin polymerization was monitored spectrophotometrically at 700 nm over 150 minutes. Extracts were tested individually and in combination. Results showed that T. foenum-graecum extracts, especially the decocted form, exhibited superior anti-sickling effects, comparable to Hydrea. Polymerization inhibition was also significant across all treated groups. These findings support the pharmacological basis for the traditional use of these plants in sickle cell disorder management.