Somatisms in the geographical vocabulary of the Yakut and Khakass languages

Since ancient times, a person names objects of the environment, correlating them, first, with parts of his body. The study of somatisms is of great interest, since the nomination, process is particularly evident in them, the connection between the object and the person giving the name is clearly manifested: the transparency of the internal form allows us to establish the cause of their origin and identify some patterns of nomination. A comprehensive analysis of somatisms in the geographical vocabulary of the Yakut and Khakass languages, their systematization and description, in our opinion, will allow us to better understand how native speakers comprehend the surrounding reality through the medium of the human body. The need to study somatisms denoting elements of geographical objects is determined by the fact that they can provide valuable material on the lexico-semantic and structural development of lexical units of the Yakut and Khakass languages. The purpose of the work is to study the features of the functioning of somatisms in the field of geographical vocabulary of the Yakut and Khakass languages. To achieve this goal, the following tasks are solved: to consider the history of the study of somatic vocabulary in Turkic linguistics; to identify somatisms in geographical terms of the Yakut and Khakass languages by continuous sampling from lexicographic sources; classification of identified geographical terms by parts of the human body; lexico-semantic classification of identified somatisms by natural objects. To perform these tasks, such research methods as descriptive, comparative and statistical methods were used. The scientific novelty of the study consists in the study of somatisms in geographical names in the Yakut and Khakass languages in a comparative aspect. The theoretical and practical significance is determined by the possibility of using materials and research results in the study of lexical groups in the Turkic languages (and languages of other families), as well as in the development of lecture courses, conducting seminars on vocabulary.