Comparisons regarding the parameter of “sound” in the Khakass and Altai epics

Based on figurative comparisons related to sound in the Khakass and Altai epics, the study reveals both common and unique features of these comparisons in the legends of the two peoples. The aim of the study was to determine the semantic organization of comparisons involving the “sound” parameter and to discover patterns of reinterpretation of the feature due to the component composition of the comparative construction. Based on this goal, the tasks related to the identification of stable comparisons with the “sound” parameter in the Khakass and Altai epics were solved in the work; with the establishment of the main methods and mechanisms for the development of semantic types of rethinking the parameter “sound”. The work used a set of basic techniques such as description, interpretation and classification of the material, as well as lexicographic, methods of component and contextual analysis. Examples with stable comparisons with the “sound” parameter were taken from the epic texts of the Khakass and Altaic languages. The relevance of this study is due to the insufficient and incomplete comparative analysis of figurative means in the Turkic languages. The scholarly novelty of the work is that it represents the first identification of stable comparisons with the “sound” parameter for Khakass and other Turkic languages of Siberia. For the first time, the “sound” parameter was identified, which demonstrates an additional parameter at the formal level, depending on the constituent components. This happens due to a rethinking of the original feature and its transfer from the physical sphere to the emotional one (roar like a bear → anger; scream like a cuckoo → crying; rumble like thunder, rush like a river → rapid running, etc.). The revealed material and the results of the study can be used in textbooks and textbooks on folklore studies of the Khakass and Altai languages, while further studying figurative comparisons with various parameters. The results showed that in the Khakass legends, comparisons with this parameter differ in a greater variety of subjects and standards of comparison, component composition and rethinking of semantics than in the Altai.