Exploration of Basidiomycetes for Anthraquinone Dyes Decolorization in Textile Wastewater

Anthraquinone (AQ) dyes are utilized extensively in the textile industry due to their ability to fasten fabrics. The intricate and rigid structures of AQ dyes, however, prevent them from bio-degradation. They also create nitrate residues, which persist as effluents in textile wastewater and harm aquatic vegetation by obstructing light from entering the water, which affects both flora and fauna. The use of bio-remediation technique is most popular because it is environmentally beneficial and economical. The aim of this study was to isolate white rot fungi (WRF) for their ability to decolorize AQ dyes and their mixtures. The current study shows the decolorization of the mixture of AQ dyes namely Remazol Brilliant Blue R(RBBR), Acid Blue 129 (AB129), and Alizarin Cyanin Green (ACG) (200ppm) in 24h by using suspended fungal isolates, WF2 (92.76%) and VS12 (93.71%) isolated from decaying wood, under optimized parameters like pH7, temperature 30˚C and shaking speed 80 rpm. The highest manganese peroxidase activity (2391.77 U/mL) was found in WF2 followed by VS12 (2318.28U/mL) in 24h. Moreover, the study revealed that manganese peroxidase is one of the causes for decolorization of AQ dyes since decolorization was directly proportional to manganese peroxidase activity. On the basis of morphological features and a complete sequence analysis of 18S rRNA gene and ITS region, the isolates were identified as Trametes cubensis WF2 and Polyporus umbellatus VS12. This is the first report of white rot fungal isolates T. cubensis WF2 and P. umbellatus VS12 used in efficient decolorization of mixture of AQ dyes (RBBR, AB129, ACG). Practitioner Points White rot fungal isolates T. cubensis WF2 and P. umbellatus VS12 offer an effective and eco-friendly solution for decolorization of mixture of AQ dyes (RBBR, AB129, ACG). The ligninolytic enzyme system gives white rot fungus the ability to degrade AQ dyes Optimizing operational parameters and techniques enables efficient decolorization of AQ dyes by WRFs