Clinicopathological characteristics of osteosarcoma cases in a tertiary referral hospital in Indonesia: A 5-year retrospective study

Introduction: Osteosarcoma is the most common primary non-hematopoietic malignant bone tumor, which reportedly has a high incidence in several regions of the world including South-east Asia. However in Indonesia, the data regarding osteosarcoma trends and clinicopathological features are still lacking. Therefore, this paper aims to describe the clinicopathological features of osteosarcoma cases in a tertiary referral hospital in Indonesia. Methods: A retrospective study of osteosarcoma cases at the Department of Anatomic Pathology of a tertiary referral hospital in East Java was conducted. Clinicopathological data regarding osteosarcoma cases diagnosed within a 5-year period (January 2018 - December 2022) were obtained. Statistical analysis were performed to the collected data. Results: A total of 44 cases were found, with a male predominance (65.9%) and in the younger age group (11-20 years old, 36.4%). Most of osteosarcoma cases occurred in femur (50%). High grade cases predominated our cohort, with osteoblastic osteosarcoma being the most prevalent histological type (52.3%). Conclusion: Male patients especially in younger age group predominated the cases in our center. Femur is the most common site for osteosarcoma, and most cases of osteosarcoma were of high-grade type. Osteoblastic osteosarcoma is the most common histological diagnosis in our cohort. Future larger-scale studies and nation-wide registry in order to provide better understanding and formulate the best approach for patient management are warranted.