A Clinicopathlogical Study of Tubal Ectopic Pregnancies in Tertiary Care Hospital

Introduction: Ectopic pregnancies present as acute emergencies leading to mortality and morbidity in the first trimester of pregnancy. Tubal pregnancy was found to be more common among ectopic pregnancies in which ampulla being the most common site. The risk factors include prior ectopic pregnancies, tubal surgeries, smoking, and pelvic inflammatory diseases. Objectives: (1) To investigate the predisposing factors, (2) To study the clinical and histopathological findings, and (3) To study the level of trophoblastic infiltrations in ectopic pregnancies along with beta human chorionic gonadotropin (β HCG) levels. Materials and Methods: One-year retrospective analysis of the medical records of tubal ectopic pregnancies at MGMH Hospital between July 2022 and June 2023 was done. Relevant data such as age, gestational age, parity, clinical presentation, serum β-HCG levels, ultrasound findings, histopathological examination of fallopian tubes, and extent of trophoblastic invasion were collected and analyzed. Data were entered in MS Excel and analyzed using the EPI INFO and descriptive statistics was done in the form of percentages. Results: A total of 108 patients were analyzed. Ectopic pregnancy is common in the gestational age group of 25–30 years (45%). Ampulla is the most common site (76%) of case. Right-sided ectopic pregnancies are more common than the left. Chronic salpingitis was seen in 70% of the cases and 85% of the cases showed trophoblastic invasion into the mucosa and muscle layers of the fallopian tube. Conclusions: Increased incidence of tubal ectopic pregnancy commonly associated with the inflammation of fallopian tubes. The findings in the study provide clue to the associated risk factors that can be modified and aid in the early diagnosis and management.