Traditional Approaches to Managing Adhesive Capsulitis: A Comprehensive Review

Adhesive Capsulitis results in progressive painful restriction in range of movement and can reduce function and quality of life. Adhesive Capsulitis commonly known as Frozen shoulder Syndrome and also called pericapsulitis, periarthritis, adherent bursitis, shoulder periarthritis, scapulo-humeral periarthritis. In Unani literature the Adhesive Capsulitis are met under the caption of Wajaul Mafasil & Tahajjure Mafasil. Waja-ul-Mafasil is a painful or inflammatory condition affecting joints, their surrounding muscle and ligaments of shoulder. Zakaria Razi described the disease in the eleventh volume of his book Al-HAWI cause of Waja-ul-Mafasil is formation of abnormal chyme (Rutubat-e-Mukhatia) due to Nuqs in (defect) Hazm-e-Kabidi and Hazm-e-Urooqi. Akbar Arzani in Tibb-e-Akbar have added that accumulation of Galeez-Riyah in surrounding structure.It can affect almost all joints of the body and they named after the joint involved as Waja ul warik, Waja uz zahr, Waja ur rakba, Waja ul waqab, Waja ul khasera. In Unani medicine, Wajaʹul- Mafasil is managed through Ilaj Bit Tadbeer (Regimenal therapy), Ilaj Bid Dawa (Pharmacotherapy), or Ilaj Bil Yad (Surgery). Ilaj Bit Tadbeer is one mode of treatment in which various regimens like Takmeed Dalak, Fasd, Riyazat, Nutool, zimad,and Hijama etc are used as a part of treatment so as to offer the patients relief. Pharmacological treatment options include single (Suranjan, Bozidan, Asgandh, etc.) or compound (Habbe Muquil, Majoon Chobchini, Habbe Suranjan, Habbe Asgandh, etc.) medications. This review paper discussed concept of adhesive capsulitis & safe or alternative method of treatment which given by traditional philosophers in classical text which was less harmful in comparison to modern medicine. Keywords: Adhesive capasulitis, Frozen shoulder syndrome, wajaul mafasil, Unani medicine.