Porous filler based on metallurgical slag and liquid-glass composition

The relevance of developing composite construction materials based on natural bentonite from deposits in the Chechen Republic is substantiated. The nanoscale size of the modifier based on bentonite powder from the Chechen Republic deposit, in combination with the hyperplasticizer Frem Giper S-TB, was confirmed using modern technologies and equipment. The objective of this work is to investigate the role of the surface tension of bentonite suspensions, both individually and in combination with the hyperplasticizer Frem Giper S-TB, on the strength and density of cement stone, as well as their interdependence. The materials used were the hyperplasticizer Frem Giper S-TB (manufactured in the Republic of Belarus) and natural bentonite extracted in the Chechen Republic. For the experimental research, Portland cement CEM I 42.5 N produced by JSC «Chechencement» was used as the primary binder. A reduction in the water-cement ratio (W/C) by up to 24% was demonstrated. This was achieved by lowering the surface tension of the mixing water through the use of a complex nanomodifier based on natural raw materials. The use of this complex nanomodifier showed a significant reduction in surface tension, with a minimum identified at concentrations of 2-4% by mass of water. Minimum surface tension values of 40-41 mN/m were reached. It was established that the strength of the sample with the combined introduction of 0.4% Frem Giper S-TB and 0.4% bentonite powder increased by 22% compared to the control sample. A further increase in the concentration of both bentonite and the hyperplasticizer adversely affects the strength characteristics of the cement stone. This is a result of excessive dispersion of cement during the mixing process with modified low-surface-tension water, and a decrease in the density of the cement paste due to the separation of cement grains by the formed micelles of the Frem Giper S-TB hyperplasticizer.