Evaluasi Performa Kelembagaan Peternak Sapi Perah Berdasarkan Aspek Risiko Bisnis dan Pengembangan Usaha

ABSTRAKPeranan kelembagaan peternakan bukan hanya untuk tindakan preventif bagi para peternak untuk meminimalkan risiko bisnis, tetapi juga bertujuan untuk pengembangan usaha ternak sebagai upaya dalam mendukung kesejahteraan masyarakat. Penelitian bertujuan untuk: 1) mengevaluasi performa kelembagaan peternak sapi perah berdasarkan aspek risiko bisnis, 2) mengevaluasi performa kelembagaan peternak sapi perah berdasarkan pengembangan usaha, dan 3) menemukan model hubungan performa kelembagaan, pengembangan usaha, dan aspek risiko bisnis. Penelitian dilakukan di Kecamatan Pujon, Kabupaten Malang, Provinsi Jawa Timur. Variabel yang diamati dalam penelitian post positivisme ialah: a) performa kelembagaan (X1), b) aspek risiko bisnis (Z1), dan c) pengembangan usaha ternak perah (Y1). Jumlah sampel penelitian yaitu 119 peternak sapi perah. Analisis data menggunakan SEM (Structural Equation Model) dengan SmartPLS 2.0. Hasil penelitian yaitu: 1) performa kelembagaan berpengaruh negatif terhadap risiko bisnis usaha ternak sapi perah sebesar -0,337; 2) performa kelembagaan berpengaruh positif terhadap pengembangan usaha ternak sapi perah sebesar 0,442; dan 3) aspek risiko bisnis dipengarui oleh performa kelembagaan sebesar 22,0%, sedangkan aspek risiko bisnis dipengaruhi oleh performa kelembagaan dan pengembangan usaha sebesar 19,6%. Pengembangan usaha berpengaruh negatif terhadap risiko bisnis usaha ternak sapi perah sebesar -0,210.Kata kunci: evaluasi, kelembagaan, pengembangan usaha, risiko bisnis, dan sapi perah.ABSTRACTThe role of livestock institutional is not only for preventive actions for farmers to minimize business risk, but also for the development of livestock business in an effort to support the welfare of the community. The research aims to: 1) evaluate the performance of dairy farmer based on business risk aspect, 2) evaluate the performance of dairy farmer based on business development, and 3) find the relation of business risk aspect to business development. The study was conducted in Pujon Subdistrict, Malang Regency, East Java Province. The variables observed in post positivism research are: a) institutional performance (X1), b) business risk aspect (Z1), and c) dairy business development (Y1). The number of research sample is 119 dairy farmers. Data analysis uses SEM (Structural Equation Model) with SmartPLS 2.0. The research results are: 1) the institutional performance was negative influenced by the business risk aspect by -0.337; 2) institutional performance was positive influenced bythedairy cattle business development by 0.442; and 3) aspects of business risk was influenced by the institutional performance is 22.0%, while aspects of business risk was influenced by the institutional performance and the business development is 19.6%. the dairy cattle business development was negative influenced by the business risk aspects by -0.210.Keyword: evaluation, institutional, development livestock business, risk of business, and dairy cattle.