Smart parking: Multi-agent approach, architecture, and workflow

<p>Inefficient parking management systems in urban areas lead to limited parking capacity, congestion, and environmental contamination, resulting in time and fuel waste, increased carbon emissions, and economic inefficiency. Smart parking is a technological system that leverages the capabilities of the Internet of Things (IoT) to address urban congestion and parking management issues. It uses IoT sensors to collect real-time data on parking availability, which is then analyzed to optimize usage, improve traffic flow, and simplify the driver experience. Smart parking can be integrated into urban infrastructure, contributing to more efficient and environmentally-friendly urban mobility. Benefits include reduced time spent searching for parking, reduced traffic congestion, reduced greenhouse gas emissions, and new revenue opportunities for parking lot operators. Overall, IoT-enabled smart parking creates sustainable and user-friendly urban environments. This paper presents a multi-agent smart parking approach, providing a comprehensive architectural framework and workflow for various smart parking scenarios. The proposed methodology and structure encompass several aspects of intelligent parking management, incorporating the use of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies. It involves a multi-agent system for monitoring parking spaces, managing traffic, and providing user services. This system enhances efficiency and reduces the need for manual parking, thereby enhancing the overall efficiency of urban parking.</p>