A non-photorealistic rendering method based on Chinese ink and wash painting style for 3D mountain models

Abstract The ink and wash painting stylized rendering with oriental aesthetic features is an important topic in non-photorealistic rendering (NPR). The research on the stylized rendering of two-dimensional (2D) models has received extensive attention, but there is still a lack of systematic research on the three-dimensional (3D) rendering effects of different brush strokes and texture mapping methods. In this paper, we mainly render the 3D mountain models from the whole ink and wash painting rendering process, different winkle rendering methods, and the canvas texture based on spatiotemporal consistency. First, the proposed rendering process is divided into feature lines rendering and interior area stylization, and the wrinkle rendering is carried out by the method of texture synthesis and texture mapping. In addition, mesh parameterization is introduced to avoid stretching and distortion that may occur during the texture mapping. Then, an empirical model is used to simulate the ink diffusion effect in the rendered image space. Finally, we investigate a dynamic canvas texture method considering temporal coherence, which uses a noise-based algorithm to generate the canvas texture that maintains the 2D appearance of the canvas under camera motion. Experimental results show that the winkle rendering and texture mapping method proposed in this paper adds rich details to 3D mountain models, and the “Shower Door” effect does not occur in the case of camera motion.