Feminist Tafsir: A Comparative Study of Zainab al-Ghazali and Amina Wadud's Thoughts on Gender Verses

This study is motivated by the methodological debate in interpreting gender-related verses between traditionalist and progressive groups, represented by Zainab al-Ghazali and Amina Wadud. Both figures offer unique approaches in interpreting Qur'anic verses, particularly regarding gender issues, such as QS. An-Nisa': 1, 11, and 34. This research examines the characteristics of their interpretive methodologies, identifies similarities and differences in their interpretations of gender-related verses, and analyzes the relevance of their thoughts to contemporary social, cultural, and gender discourse. The primary aim of this study is to provide a deeper understanding of the traditional approach employed by Zainab al-Ghazali and the feminist hermeneutical method developed by Amina Wadud. This study employs a qualitative method with a library research approach. The analysis focuses on primary sources, namely Nazarat fi Kitabillah by Zainab al-Ghazali and Qur'an and Woman by Amina Wadud, along with relevant secondary references. The findings reveal that their differing approaches are influenced more by socio-historical contexts and educational backgrounds than by gender factors. Zainab al-Ghazali leans toward a moderate approach rooted in traditional narrations, while Amina Wadud emphasizes contextual interpretations to empower women. Despite their methodological differences, both share a common goal of advocating for women's empowerment within the framework of universal Islamic values.