High-speed train derailment detection under complex track irregularities using a dynamic vehicle-track interaction model

Abstract The track geometry is essential for the safety, stability and comfort of passing trains. Track irregularities, which have been extensively studied with specified single irregularity type, frequently exist in complex form, leading to potential derailment accidents especially in curved lines. This study investigates the dynamic vehicle-track interaction considering a series of complex irregularities. Furthermore, the safety indices indicating the possibility of derailment, e.g., derailment coefficient, wheel unloading rate and wheelset lateral force, are obtained for both C70 freight train track and 25 tons passenger train. The results indicate that the most dangerous situation is continuous multi-wave reverse complex irregularity of cross level and alignment on the high rail at the point of curve to spiral. We also found that the most unfavorable wavelength of complex irregularity is 10 m, and derailment risk of light freight train passing is obviously greater than that of passenger trains and heavy freight trains. Certain results can give further guideline for the condition monitoring and maintenance of the rail management.