Mid-Term Results of Pulmonary Valve-Sparing Repair for Tetralogy of Fallot With Pulmonary Stenosis

Objective The transannular patch remains the most common procedure performed for patients with Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) with pulmonary stenosis. Pulmonary regurgitation has a negative impact on early and late outcomes. To address this issue pulmonary valve-sparing repair (PVSR) has been developed. Our study goal is to evaluate the mid-term outcomes (five years) of PVSR at our institution. Material and Methods The data were collected retrospectively from June 2014 to June 2022. A total of 390 patients had total repair of TOF. Among these, PVSR was performed in 154 (39.4%) patients. The mid-term outcomes on the status of the pulmonary valve gradient, degree of pulmonary regurgitation, reintervention rate, and mid-term survival after PVSR were investigated. Results The median age at time of TOF repair was 12 (interquartile range [IQR]: 8-48) months and the median weight was 7.9 (IQR: 3.1-49.5) kg. The mean preoperative right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) gradient was 77 ± 19.6 mm Hg. All patients had a pulmonary valve Z score of more than −2.5. The post-repair mean RV/LV pressure ratio was 0.49 ± 0.12. There was no surgical mortality. The median follow-up was 3 years (6 months to 8 years). The reintervention rate on the pulmonary valve was 4/154 (2.6%) at five years. The freedom from reintervention and from developing moderate pulmonary valve regurgitation at 5 years was 95% (151/154) and 77% (119/154), respectively. Conclusion Pulmonary valve-sparing repair gives good mid-term outcomes in a specific group of patients with TOF. Reintervention rates are very low and the peak gradient across the pulmonary valve came down in the majority of patients during mid-term follow up. An RVOT gradient more than 40mm Hg at discharge predicts a high risk of need for reintervention. We continue to monitor our patients for the long term outcome.