The Dual Nature of Envy: Psychometric properties of the Spanish translated Benign and Malicious Envy Scale (BeMaS)

The present study explored the psychometric properties of the Benign and Malicious Envy Scale (BeMaS) in its Spanish version in a sample from Lima, Peru. A total of 361 participants were recruited. The sample was then divided into a Training dataset and a Test dataset. First, in the Training dataset, different structural models of the BeMaS were tested, with the nine-item model showing the best fit. Subsequently, the models developed in the Training dataset were tested again in the Test dataset and the complete dataset. The results indicated a better fit for the nine-item model across all tested datasets. Additionally, the instrument’s constructs demonstrated adequate reliability and measurement invariance between men and women. Finally, external validity was assessed by correlating Malicious Envy and Benign Envy with anxiety and depression constructs, with only Malicious Envy showing a relationship with these constructs. In conclusion, the BeMaS is an instrument with adequate psychometric properties, valid, and reliable, although it should be tested in other samples to ensure the robustness of the nine-item model across different samples and contexts.