Review analysis of the technology on recycling processes for EV batteries

The increase in use and demand for electric vehicles (EVs) has surged the need for battery recycling methods for these batteries. This report highlights a review analysis of a few recycling methods for EV batteries, such as direct recycling, mechanical recycling, hydrometallurgical recycling, and pyrometallurgical recycling. The purpose of this review is to understand the current state of the technology, the challenges of each method, and the future developments while considering factors such as efficiency, cost, waste production, and more. Direct recycling is reusing EV batteries without disassembling them, whereas mechanical recycling entails discharging, dismantling, crushing, and sorting them. Hydrometallurgical and pyrometallurgical recycling processes both give considerable improvements in metal recovery, with hydrometallurgical recycling including acid leaching and pyrometallurgical recycling using metal extraction. Analyzing the various recycling methods for EV batteries, the effort to improve or innovate the methods will help achieve a more sustainable and effective method to address the EV battery waste, which promotes a circular economy.