The biochemical effects of kola nitida on the renal biomarkers of lipid induced Wistar albino rats

The aim of the study was to access the biochemical effects of kola nitida extract on renal markers of adult albino rats induced with high lipid diet. This was a prospective longitudinal study carried out in Joseph Ayo Babalola University, Ikeji Arakeji, Osun State Students. The study was conducted within a period of 6 months (April– September 2024). The study adhered to stringent animal husbandry protocols. Rats were housed individually in standard laboratory cages with controlled environmental conditions (temperature 22±2°C, humidity 50-60%, and a 12-hour light/dark cycle) to minimize environmental variability. They had unrestricted access to standard rodent feed and water throughout the experiment to maintain optimal health and consistent metabolic conditions. The experimental design involved the administration of kola nitida extract via oral gavage at predetermined doses based on body weight, established through preliminary dose-ranging studies to ensure safety and efficacy. Animals were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups, with each group carefully monitored for behavioral changes and physical health indicators throughout the study period. Grouping of animals was done as the animals were divided into 5 groups: Group 1(Negative control), Group 2(Toxicity group), Group 3(100mg/kg), Group 4(200 mg/kg), Group 5(300mg/kg). Blood samples was collected from the marginal ear vein using a 2ml needle and syringe into lithium heparin bottles and was spun at 3500 rpm for 5 minutes to obtain plasma in order to determine the renal biomarkers using creatinine and urea diagnostic kit (Randox test kit), The results of this study clearly demonstrate that the administration of a high lipid diet and subsequent reversal with Kola-Nitida induces significant changes in the urea and creatinine in all the test groups when compared to toxicity group. The strong statistical evidence supports the conclusion that Kola-Nitida may play a role in mitigating the effects of a high lipid diet on the renal biomarkers in Wistar rats.