Development and Evaluation of Mucoadhesive Buccal Patch of Losartan Potassium

The buccal mucosa is regarded as an ideal location for administering medications for both local and systemic absorption. Mucin and polymers interact chemically during the mucoadhesion process. Much emphasis has been paid to the use of mucoadhesive polymers in buccal medication delivery. There are now many mucoadhesive dosage forms available, including pills, patches, disks, wafers, ointments, and gels. Buccal patches stand out among them for their higher comfort and flexibility. With their effective carrier capacity, smart materials like stimuli-responsive hydrogels, liposome-based patches, polymeric micelles, etc. play a crucial role in the development of these drug delivery systems by extending the drug's residence time at the site of absorption, improving drug bioavailability, reducing the frequency of dosing, and increasing patient compliance. Different designs and production techniques, including as electrospinning, electrospraying, and 3D printing, are thought to be novel and effective ways to manufacture buccal patches with certain distinctive qualities in comparison to conventional procedures like solvent casting. Aiming to develop buccal mucoadhesive patches as a novel controlled drug delivery system, this review aims to examine and introduce the most promising smart polymeric materials, new designs, and production techniques.