THE EFFECT OF SOWING DATES ON THE YIELD OF WINTER WHEAT

On the basis of Kaluga Research Agriculture Institute Branch of Russian Potato Research Center in 2020-2022, studies were conducted to study the effect of sowing dates on the yield of winter wheat. 4 terms of sowing of winter wheat have been studied: III decade of August (control); II decade of September; III decade of September; I decade of October. The influence of weather conditions on the growth and development of plants is determined. The best heat supply of plants of the third and fourth terms of sowing in the tillering – tube phase did not have a significant impact on the formation of yield, but contributed to a faster passage of critical phases of development by plants. In the mean time during the years of research, the highest yield was obtained when sowing in the second decade of September, which amounted to 35.8 c/ha, which is 2.0 c/ha higher in relation to the variant with sowing in the third decade of August, and 3.9 c/ha higher than the yield of the variant with sowing in the first decade of October. The decrease in yield during sowing in the third decade of August, as well as in the first decade of October, is significant.