Dental Soft Tissues and Palatal Masticatory Mucosa from the Periodontal and Radiographic Perspectives: A Review Article

This review article delves into the advancements in the assessment and management of palatal masticatory mucosa, with a particular emphasis on the thickness of the palatal mucosa and its implications for periodontal and peri-implant surgeries. It highlights the pivotal role of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in evaluating Thickening of the palatal mucosa, despite its inherent limitations in soft tissue visualization. The paper discusses the evolution of mucogingival surgery, including the classification of marginal tissue recession and soft tissue grafts, and examines the histology of palatal mucosa. It also evaluates the indications, predictability, and clinical as well as aesthetic outcomes of free gingival graft (FGG) & connective tissue graft (CTG) procedures. Various methodologies to measure palatal mucosa thickness are explored, alongside strategies to overcome CBCT's limitations in soft tissue assessment. The review underscores the significance of a comprehensive understanding of palatal masticatory mucosa's anatomy and histology, alongside the surgical techniques available for managing mucogingival deficiencies. It aims to enhance the predictability and aesthetics of periodontal and peri-implant surgeries through advancements in diagnostic and surgical techniques, coupled with a deeper understanding of tissue biology.