ASSESSMENT OF MASTICATORY MUSCLE ACTIVITY AS A PROGNOSTIC INDICATOR IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF PATHOLOGICAL TOOTH WEAR USING THE BERNOULLI PRINCIPLE

Introduction. A comprehensive review of existing literature on the role of masticatory muscle parameters in the development of pathological tooth wearing has highlighted the need for a deeper exploration of this issue. This study aims to shed light on the relationship between masticatory muscle characteristics and the progression of pathological tooth abrasion, focusing on the principles of D. Bernoulli and using advanced imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance tomography. By analyzing electromyographic data, the study will evaluate the impact of two key parameters “speed” and “force” on the onset and progression of pathological tooth wearing. Objective: to explore the masticatory muscle parameters in patients with varying degrees of pathological tooth wearing, compared to individuals without abrasion. Using D. Bernoulli’s principle, magnetic resonance tomography, and electromyography, the study seeks to determine the role of each parameter (speed and force) in the development of pathological abrasion of hard dental tissues. Additionally, the study will examine the functional activity of the masticatory muscles in detail to identify which specific parameters contribute to the onset and intensification of pathological tooth abrasion. Participants and methods. Magnetic resonance tomography was employed to assess the thickness, length, and width of the masticatory muscles. Based on D. Bernoulli's mathematical principle, the study applied a coefficient to investigate the biomechanical properties specifically the “speed” and “force” of the masticatory muscles. Electromyographic techniques were used to study muscle activity. A total of 45 patients with pathological tooth abrasion and 17 healthy controls participated in the study. The findings revealed a direct correlation between the bioelectric activity of the masticatory muscles and the ratio of muscle length to cross-sectional area. “Fast” masticatory muscles exhibited a larger ratio of muscle length to cross-sectional area, with higher peak activity amplitudes, shorter durations of bioelectric activity, and faster contraction speeds over greater distances. In contrast, “strong” masticatory muscles demonstrated a lower ratio of muscle length to cross-sectional area. These muscles exhibited longer excitation and relaxation times, resulting in prolonged pressure on the teeth. “Strong” muscles were found to be more strongly associated with the development of pathological abrasion of the tooth enamel. This study highlights the significant role of masticatory muscle parameters, particularly “speed” and “force”, in the pathogenesis of pathological tooth abrasion. Understanding the biomechanical properties of masticatory muscles can provide valuable insights into the prevention and management of this condition, emphasizing the importance of both muscle activity and muscle morphology in the preservation of dental health.