DIFFERENTIATION OF REGULAR, NARROW-QRS COMPLEX TACHYCARDIA TYPES BY UTILIZING THE STANDARD 12-LEAD ELECTROCARDIOGRAM

Background  Supraventricular tachycardia comprises 80% of regular tachycardia that present to the emergency rooms and cardiology clinics. It is of many mechanisms and electrocardiography features. In a high percentage of cases, it occurs in the structurally-normal heart. Epidemiologically it has been discovered that it is more widespread in females than in males. Objectives  Electrocardiography (ECG) criteria help differentiate the types of Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) and predict the underlying mechanism. For example, the patient with short R.P. and long P.R. types is more suggestive of atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT), where ablation therapy is more successful than in atrial tachycardia and atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia (AVRT) Differentiating between AVNRT, AVRT, and atrial tachycardia is extremely significant regarding the acute termination by medications; Adenosine and Calcium-channel blockers (CCBs) are found more effective in atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia, CCBs should be avoided in long R.P. and short P.R. Patients and Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted between December 2016 and February 2018. This study included patients who visited the emergency room with a narrow-QRS-complex tachycardia. Results Eighty-five patients with regular narrow-QRS-complex tachycardia were included. The mean ± S.D. of the participants-age was 46.29 years ±12.71, 56 cases (65.9%) were females, and 29 (34.1%) were males. The mean ± S.D. of the disease duration of the condition was 5.07±5.52 years, and a frequency of 3.8 attacks per 6 months, and a mean duration of each episode was approximately 80 minutes for each episode. Regarding the symptomatology of tachycardia, almost all patients had symptoms of palpitation, 11.8% had presyncope, and 4.7% had syncope.  Conclusion Atrioventricular nodal reentries tachycardia (slow/fast) are the most common in our study. AVRNT was found more prevalent in females than males. Atrioventricular reentry tachycardia was found in males more than females in our study.