The effect of mangosteen peel extract (Garcinia mangostana Linn) on the number of spermatogenic cells of mice (Mus musculus) exposed to cigarette smoke

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of mangosteen extract on the number of spermatogenic cells in mice exposed to cigarette smoke. Objective: Thirty mice aged 8 to 12 weeks were randomly divided into 5 groups. The negative control group (K-) received 1% CMC Na/head, the positive control group (K+) was exposed to smoke and received 1% CMC Na/head, (P1) was exposed to smoke and administered mangosteen extract 6,045 mg/head, (P2) was exposed to smoke and administered mangosteen extract 12.09 mg/head, (P3) was exposed to smoke and administered mangosteen extract 24.18 mg/head. Each group was exposed to one cigarette per day, and treatments were administered one hour after smoke exposure. All treatments and smoke exposure lasted for about 45 days. Necropsy was performed after the final day of treatment, and histopathological slides of the testes were processed and stained under a light microscope. The observed parameter was spermatogenic cell count. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) based on a completely randomized design, and further analyzed using Duncan’s multiple range. Results: Cigarette smoke significantly reduced spermatogenic cells (spermatogonia, primary spermatocytes, and spermatids) (p<0.05). Administration of mangosteen peel extract significantly increased spermatogenic cells (p<0.05). The highest increase in spermatogenic cells was observed in the group given 12.09 mg/gram BW of mangosteen peel extract (P2). The increase in spermatogenic cells due to the administration of mangosteen peel extract and cigarette smoke did not reach normal conditions (K-). Conclusion: This study concludes that mangosteen peel extract (Garcinia mangostana Linn) could maintain the number of spermatogenic cells in male mice (Mus musculus) exposed to cigarette smoke (p<0.005).