Bioecology of Cinnamomum culitlawan (L.) J.Presl (1825) Endemic Species on Halmahera Island

Cinnamomum culitlawan (L.) J. Presl (1825) is an endemic plant belonging to the Lauraceae family. The plant growth is found in Indonesia, especially in Maluku and Papua. This study aims to: (1) understand the taxonomy of C. culitlawan; (2) find out its habitat, environmental adaptation, and ecological role; and (3) find out its utilization and ethnobotany. This study was conducted by combining the literature review method with the survey method. Efforts to understand the taxonomy, utilization, and ethnobotany of C. culitlawan through a literature review. Each plant specimen found in the documentation was observed for its distribution, habitat, adaptation, and interaction. Taxonomic and ethnobotanical studies were conducted by literature review. The results of the study showed that C. culitlawan has 12 synonyms, namely Benzoin gracile (Nees) Kuntze; C. culiban Raf.; C. culitlawan var. rubrum (Blume) Meisn.; C. rubrum Blume; Daphnidium gracile Nees; Laurus culiban L.; Persea culilawan (L.) Bisch.; Laurus culilawan Nees; Laurus culawang Nees; Laurus culitlaban Roxb.; Laurus culitlawan L.; Laurus glauca Nees; Laurus gracilis Meisn.; and Persea culilawan (L.) Bisch. Some researchers wrote it with the species name Cinnamomum culilawan Blume, a synonym that has not been verified in WFO. Generally lives in low to medium plains, in areas with high rainfall. C. culitlawan has adapted to high humidity and grows in soil with high humus content. C. culitlawan has complex interactions with other species, including pollinating insects and soil organisms. C. culitlawan has important value in ethnobotany aspects, including traditional medicine, culinary, and cultural rituals.