PEMIKIRAN AL-QUR’AN ANGELIKA NEUWIRTH DALAM STRUCTURE AND THE EMERGENCY OF COMMUNITY

Abstract: This article examines one of the orientalist thoughts on the study of the Qur'an, namely Angelika Neuwirth's thoughts in Structure and the Emergency of Community regarding the pre-canonization model of reading the Qur'an (the Qur'an that lived during the time of the prophet) which based on the structure of the Al-Qur'an which has been codified into a Mushaf. This letter-based method is studied using linguistic and historical approaches. The result was that he was able to classify the structural characteristics of the letters of early Makkah, middle and late Makkah, and Medina. From Neuwirth's thoughts, he concluded that he was more inclined to structure the Qur'an using tartib nuzuli because the historical side of the Qur'an would be very visible (the history of the process of revelation of the Qur'an). Nevertheless, Neuwirth's thoughts are not free from criticism from other Al-Qur'an scholars, who generally state that the science of munasabah (introduced by Muslim scholars) in the Mushaf of the Al-Qur'an (post-canonization) is appropriate and interconnected. between one another.Keywords: Angelika Neuwirth, Pre-Canonization, Letters, Mecca, Medina.