Ovarian Reserve Evaluation Using Anti-Müllerian Hormone Levels Among Subfertile Women

Background: Subfertility affects millions globally. Ovarian reserve, reflecting a woman's remaining egg supply is crucial in fertility assessment. Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) has been recognized as a more reliable and consistent biomarker for this assessment. The purpose of this study was to assess ovarian reserve through AMH levels in subfertile women and to correlate these levels with important demographic and clinical factors to strengthen its diagnostic relevance. Objectives: To evaluate ovarian reserve using AMH levels and correlate them with age and BMI among subfertile women. Methods and Materials: Between September 2019 and August 2020, where 190 subfertile women were enrolled in a cross-sectional study at Sylhet M.A.G. Osmani Medical College Hospital. Data were collected via structured questionnaires, clinical examination, BMI measurement and serum AMH estimation using ELISA on cycle days 2–3. Women with prior ovarian surgery, chemotherapy or hormonal disorders were excluded. Descriptive statistics, chi-square test, t-test and ANOVA used to analyze data using SPSS 23, also the significance set at p<0.05. Results: This study include 190 women (mean age 31.8 ± 4.5 years), mostly aged 30–34 years (36.8%). Housewives comprised 58.9%. Subfertility duration was 2–4 years in 43.2%. BMI was normal in 41.1%, overweight 32.6% and obese 18.9%. Regular cycles were reported by 65.3%. PCOS was diagnosed in 29.5%, unexplained infertility 25.3% and diminished ovarian reserve 12.6%. Mean AMH was 2.9 ± 1.6 ng/mL with 23.2% low and 26.3% high. Conclusion: AMH effectively assesses ovarian reserve, correlating with age and BMI, supporting its routine use in subfertility evaluations.