Association of Body Mass Index with Ovarian Reserve Markers (AMH and FSH) Among Subfertile Women

Background: Infertility affects about 10–15% of couples globally, with female subfertility contributing nearly half of all cases. Body Mass Index (BMI) significantly influences ovarian function and hormonal balance. Ovarian reserve markers such as Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) and Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) help assess reproductive potential. This study evaluates the relationship between BMI and ovarian reserve markers (AMH and FSH) among subfertile women in a tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh. Objectives: To determine the association between Body Mass Index and ovarian reserve markers (AMH and FSH) among subfertile women. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Tairunnessa Memorial Medical College, Gazipur, from June 2021 to May 2022, involving 84 subfertile women. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and laboratory assessment of AMH and FSH. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 26. Ethical approval and informed consent were obtained, ensuring confidentiality and adherence to the Declaration of Helsinki. Result: The study included 84 subfertile women with a mean age of 30.2 ± 4.8 years; 33.3% were 25–29 years, 31.0% were 30–34 years, 11.9% were 20–24 years, and 23.8% were ≥35 years. Most were housewives (57.1%), followed by service holders (23.8%). BMI distribution showed 6.0% underweight, 33.3% normal, 38.1% overweight, and 22.6% obese. Mean AMH was 2.85 ± 1.42 ng/mL, FSH 8.72 ± 2.64 mIU/mL, with BMI negatively correlated with AMH (r=-0.35) and positively with FSH (r=+0.28). Conclusion: Higher BMI is significantly associated with lower AMH and higher FSH, indicating reduced ovarian reserve and impaired ovarian function.