Effect of Calligonum Comosum Extracts on Pregnancy and Live Birth Rate in Endometriosis Mice Model

Introduction: Endometriosis is a condition that leads to issues with infertility. Calligonum comosum is an herbal remedy that successfully alleviate menstrual discomfort. This plant successfully treats endometriosis in female mice from the condition. This study aimed to investigate the impact of Calligonum comosum extract on pregnancy and live birth rates in a mouse model of endometriosis. Methods: Twenty-four 8-week-old NMRI mice, each weighing 25-30 grams, were studied. Pseudo-endometriosis lesions were created in mice through surgical procedures and autologous transplantation. Mice were randomly divided into two groups: treatment and control. The treatment group received 50 mg/kg of Escanbil, while the control group was given normal saline. Four weeks after transplantation and following the extraction of lesions, the outcomes of pregnancy and live birth, ovary histology, endometriosis, and infant growth indicators were investigated. Results: The results showed that the rates of pregnancy and live birth were more than double and the endometrial thickness along with preantral follicles in the treatment group were significantly higher than in the control group. In the treatment group, the number and size of endometriosis lesions were markedly reduced compared to the control group. The growth indices of the infants in the treatment group were better to those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Calligonum comosum significantly influenced pregnancy, live births, endometriosis-like lesions, and positively impacted ovarian factors, and infant growth indices in the mouse endometriosis model, making it a promising treatment option. It is suggested that these studies proceed to the clinical phase and assess the clinical phase of this extract.