GRAMMAR OF DYNAMIC TRANSFORMATIONS OF LANGUAGE

The article describes the main parameters of the new language research methodology based on the theory of grammaticalization and the theory of idiomatization. Such an interpretation of the grammatical language structure makes it possible to study the linguistic units of various language subsystems (free and idiomatized) as well as different language levels. A new type of grammar is the grammar of dynamic transformations of language (“Inductive Grammar”). At the same time, the emphasis is placed on the disclosure of the formation dynamics and development of linguistic signs and the language as a whole, and therefore it is predominantly diachronic, although the synchronic approach is also relevant. The universal principle of the language units formation and the development of the language system as a whole is the processes determined by the categories of the logical - the general and the particular. They play the leading role in the processes of conceptualization and categorization of knowledge. Hence, the main thing in the presented language model is the phenomenon of grammaticalization, which largely determines the semiotic basis of the language existence. Grammaticalization is a universal characteristic and it is fundamental. At the same time, the main principle of constructing a language sign and the entire language system lies in their dynamic transformation, i.e. graduation and constant increase in their grammaticalization degree in the process of generation and development. The phenomena of grammaticalization and idiomatization are contiguous, but not identical. Grammaticalization is broader and more autonomous, idiomatization is more diverse and derivative. Grammaticalization is a mechanism of idiomatization. The parameterization of all linguistic units in the aspect of the presented theoretical model, as well as languages of various types, seems promising to establish not only the index of analyticism / synthetism, but also the index of grammaticalization. This will help to describe the ways including the sequence of the formation and development of the world’s languages.