Estimation of wind energy potential through experimental investigation of boundary layer in small wind tunnel

In Brazil, the persistent increase in electricity consumption, primarily propelled by economic and technological advancements, can exceed the capacity of generation and distribution, underscoring the imperative for alternative energy sources. Given the compromised state of hydroelectric power and the environmental ramifications of thermoelectric plants, wind energy emerges as a promising and sustainable solution. Research in this domain encompasses turbine efficiency and analysis of local wind potential. Precise determination of this potential is pivotal to ensure project viability and efficacy, directly impacting decisions of electrical generation companies. Tests for assessing wind potential can be conducted in situ or employing techniques such as Fluid Dynamics, crucial for large-scale projects. Experimental investigations, particularly those conducted in wind tunnels, assume a foundational role in research and development in this field. The distribution of wind velocity across the test section stands as a critical parameter, with accurate simulation of the atmospheric boundary layer being indispensable for dependable outcomes. The boundary layer, an area adjacent to the surface influenced by friction between solid and fluid, holds a crucial role in drag and heat transfer. Various techniques have been devised to simulate and control the boundary layer in wind tunnels, representing a burgeoning area of inquiry. The present study advocates for the utilization of the 'boundary layer plate with flap device' to examine how different flap angles and Reynolds numbers impact boundary layer height, employing experimental design with factorial planning for result analysis. Subsequently, the obtained results indicate that flap angle significantly alters the boundary layer height within a given range of Reynolds numbers, thereby enabling the simulation of diverse boundary layer heights within a small wind tunnel, facilitating experiments related to wind flow and atmospheric boundary layer. Consequently, this research contributes to the estimation of wind potential and propels the efficient utilization of wind energy as a clean and renewable source.