The adaptability of Nang Talung performance in contemporary Thai society: a case study of Nang Sak Serisil troupe and Nong Deaw troupe

Nang Talung is a unique Southern Thai folk tradition that combines various art forms, including the craftsmanship of carving patterns out of buffalo skin and the performance of Nai Nang (puppeteer) and troupes playing music behind a backlit screen. With roots in shadow puppet performances found in China, India, and Indonesia, Nang Talung has evolved and survived in contemporary Thai society. In this research paper, two strategies used by Nang Talung troupes to promote this folk art among modern audiences are explored. Interviews and observations of live shows were conducted to assess the adaptability of this art form. The study reveals how the two popular Nang Talung troupes, Nang Sak Serisil and Nong Deaw, adapted and revitalized this folk art for different groups of audience in contemporary Thailand. Nang Sak Troupe successfully combines traditional with modern elements to attract wider audience online and through social media, referencing current issues that cater to the interest of the Thai public. Meanwhile, Nong Deaw Troupe tailors Nang Talung performances to local audiences' interests and preferences. Via the show, current social and political issues are satirized and commoners’ criticism of the authorities are voiced, while interactive sessions between performers and audience, dirty jokes, and magical rituals further enliven the show. The study highlights the significance of folk performance in serving important social and cultural functions, as Nang Talung performance becomes a channel for criticizing the authorities, a psychological outlet, and a means to consolidate local community. In conclusion, this study demonstrates how Nang Talung, through the creativity and adaptability of Nai Nang and their troupes, is able to respond to current challenges and stay relevant in contemporary Thai society. The study's findings have important implications not only for Nang Talung but also for other traditional folk arts in present-day Thailand. By revealing the strategies used by Nai Nang to keep Nang Talung alive in modern Thailand, this study offers valuable insights into the revitalization of other timeless arts and the preservation of cultural heritage for future generations.