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ON THE QUESTION OF THE ROLE OF THE COSSACKS IN THE ELECTION OF MIKHAIL FEDOROVICH ROMANOV TO THE KINGDOM
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Анализируется ход Земского собора 1613 г. Выдвинуто предположение, что избрание Михаила Федоровича Романова не сулило аристократии заметных перспектив, но несло серьезные риски, что и обусловило ее сопротивление этой кандидатуре на Земском соборе. Делается вывод, что кандидатуры Михаила Федоровича и князя Д.Т. Трубецкого были выдвинуты казаками одновременно, и основной причиной, помешавшей князю Трубецкому воцариться, стал недостаток критической массы его сторонников среди казачества. Подчеркивается, что февральский перерыв в заседаниях Земского собора способствовал переходу части представителей политической элиты в стан сторонников Михаила Федоровича. Сделано предположение, что появление слухов о попытках князя Д.М. Пожарского воцариться и развертывании им «предвыборной кампании» относится именно к февральскому перерыву. По мнению автора, важную роль в воцарении Михаила Федоровича сыграл не только «силовой» казачий фактор, но и хроническая неспособность политической элиты выдвинуть единого кандидата, что проявилось в упорных попытках решить дело жребием. Отсутствие единого кандидата привело к тому, что в источниках слабо отразились попытки других аристократических претендентов упрочить свои позиции в процессе избрания.
The course of the Zemsky Sobor of 1613 is analyzed. It is assumed that the election of Mikhail Fedorovich did not promise the aristocracy any noticeable prospects, but carried serious risks, which led to its resistance at the Zemsky Sobor. It is concluded that the candidacies of Mikhail Fedorovich and Prince D.T. Trubetskoy were put forward by the Cossacks at the same time, and the main reason that prevented Prince Trubetskoy from reigning was the lack of a critical mass of his supporters among the Cossacks. It is emphasized that the February break in the meetings of the Zemsky Sobor contributed to the transition of some representatives of the political elite to the camp of supporters of Mikhail Fedorovich. It is assumed that the appearance of rumors about Prince D.M. Pozharsky’s attempts to reign and the deployment of an «election campaign» relate specifically to the February break. According to the author, an important role in the accession of Mikhail Fedorovich to the throne was played not only by the «power» Cossack factor, but also by the chronic inability of the political elite to nominate a single candidate, which manifested itself in persistent attempts to solve the case by lot. The absence of a single candidate led to the fact that the sources poorly reflected the attempts of other aristocratic candidates to consolidate their positions as potential candidates.
K. G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management
Title: ON THE QUESTION OF THE ROLE OF THE COSSACKS IN THE ELECTION OF MIKHAIL FEDOROVICH ROMANOV TO THE KINGDOM
Description:
Анализируется ход Земского собора 1613 г.
Выдвинуто предположение, что избрание Михаила Федоровича Романова не сулило аристократии заметных перспектив, но несло серьезные риски, что и обусловило ее сопротивление этой кандидатуре на Земском соборе.
Делается вывод, что кандидатуры Михаила Федоровича и князя Д.
Т.
Трубецкого были выдвинуты казаками одновременно, и основной причиной, помешавшей князю Трубецкому воцариться, стал недостаток критической массы его сторонников среди казачества.
Подчеркивается, что февральский перерыв в заседаниях Земского собора способствовал переходу части представителей политической элиты в стан сторонников Михаила Федоровича.
Сделано предположение, что появление слухов о попытках князя Д.
М.
Пожарского воцариться и развертывании им «предвыборной кампании» относится именно к февральскому перерыву.
По мнению автора, важную роль в воцарении Михаила Федоровича сыграл не только «силовой» казачий фактор, но и хроническая неспособность политической элиты выдвинуть единого кандидата, что проявилось в упорных попытках решить дело жребием.
Отсутствие единого кандидата привело к тому, что в источниках слабо отразились попытки других аристократических претендентов упрочить свои позиции в процессе избрания.
The course of the Zemsky Sobor of 1613 is analyzed.
It is assumed that the election of Mikhail Fedorovich did not promise the aristocracy any noticeable prospects, but carried serious risks, which led to its resistance at the Zemsky Sobor.
It is concluded that the candidacies of Mikhail Fedorovich and Prince D.
T.
Trubetskoy were put forward by the Cossacks at the same time, and the main reason that prevented Prince Trubetskoy from reigning was the lack of a critical mass of his supporters among the Cossacks.
It is emphasized that the February break in the meetings of the Zemsky Sobor contributed to the transition of some representatives of the political elite to the camp of supporters of Mikhail Fedorovich.
It is assumed that the appearance of rumors about Prince D.
M.
Pozharsky’s attempts to reign and the deployment of an «election campaign» relate specifically to the February break.
According to the author, an important role in the accession of Mikhail Fedorovich to the throne was played not only by the «power» Cossack factor, but also by the chronic inability of the political elite to nominate a single candidate, which manifested itself in persistent attempts to solve the case by lot.
The absence of a single candidate led to the fact that the sources poorly reflected the attempts of other aristocratic candidates to consolidate their positions as potential candidates.
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