A survey of palliative care domains and the palliative care provision confidence of Thai family practitioners

Abstract Introduction Despite continuously growing, palliative care in Thailand still needs further development. Many family physicians provide various levels of palliative care. However, there is no information regarding what aspects of palliative care family practitioners provide and how much confidence they have. This study aims to identify gaps between expected care domains and provided care and to reveal the domains in which family physicians are less confident. Method This study is a cross-sectional survey study. An online questionnaire was publicly published to recruit target participants, Thai family physicians who have received formal residency training and actively practice medicine. The estimated number of actively practising family physicians was 540 persons. Participants were asked which palliative care domains they provide and to rate their confidence in each. A narrative analysis was performed using two relevant frameworks. Result One hundred and seven responses were received. Forty-six per cent of participants have no further training in palliative care other than during their residency programs. At least 63.6 per cent of participants provide palliative care two half-day per week or less. Grief and spiritual care enjoyed the least percentage of the participant’s responses regarding provided care. These two domains also received the lowest percentage of confidence in providing care from the participants. Discussion Though they are considered essential domains, there are gaps between expected care and actual care in grief management and spiritual care. Grief and bereavement care are mentioned in the residency curriculum; nonetheless, there is an inconsistency regarding spiritual care. Increasing access to continuous education and integrating it into curriculums should be considered to reduce the gaps. Additionally, a national guideline regarding levels of palliative care and the roles of family physicians will benefit from establishing comprehensive palliative care programmes.