Analisis Pemberian Hasil Keuntungan Marhun Oleh Pihak Rahin Pada Objek Gadai Kebun Di Desa Panyindangan: Perspektif Kompilasi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah

Abstract. The practice of pawning clove plantations in Panyinadangan Village, Cisompet District, Garut Regency, is still carried out traditionally without involving formal institutions. In practice, the rahin still gives the profits from the marhun to the murtahin even though the debt has been repaid. This raises problems in terms of sharia economic law. This study aims to determine the implementation of the clove plantation pawn and analyze its suitability with the provisions of the Sharia Economic Law Compilation (KHES). The research uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data was obtained through interviews, documentation, and literature studies. The results of the study show that the practice of pawning clove plantations is carried out orally, indefinitely, and based on trust, by granting the right to use the garden to the apostate. In general, the contract has fulfilled the principles and requirements of the KHES, but there are irregularities, namely the murtahin still withholds the land certificate even though the debt has been paid off and receives the harvest that should be the right of the rahin. This is contrary to Article 380 and Article 386 paragraph (1) of the KHES. These findings show the importance of sharia law education in traditional pawn practices so as not to harm one party. Abstrak. Praktik gadai kebun cengkeh di Desa Panyindangan, Kecamatan Cisompet, Kabupaten Garut, masih dilakukan secara tradisional tanpa melibatkan lembaga formal. Dalam praktiknya, pihak rahin tetap memberikan hasil keuntungan dari marhun kepada murtahin meskipun utang telah dilunasi. Hal ini menimbulkan problematika dari sisi hukum ekonomi syariah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan gadai kebun cengkeh tersebut serta menganalisis kesesuaiannya dengan ketentuan Kompilasi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah (KHES). Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara, dokumentasi, dan studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa praktik gadai kebun cengkeh dilakukan secara lisan, tanpa batas waktu, dan berdasarkan kepercayaan, dengan pemberian hak pemanfaatan kebun kepada murtahin. Secara umum, akad telah memenuhi rukun dan syarat KHES, namun terdapat penyimpangan, yakni murtahin tetap menahan sertifikat lahan meski utang telah lunas serta menerima hasil panen yang seharusnya menjadi hak rahin. Hal ini bertentangan dengan Pasal 380 dan Pasal 386 ayat (1) KHES. Temuan ini menunjukkan pentingnya edukasi hukum syariah dalam praktik gadai tradisional agar tidak merugikan salah satu pihak.