Growth characteristics of Cunninghamia lanceolata in China

AbstractChinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) is one of southern China's most important native tree species, which has experienced noticeable climate-induced changes. Published papers (1978–2020) on tree growth of Chinese fir forests in China were collected and critically reviewed. After that, a comprehensive growth data set was developed from 482 sites, which are distributed between 102.19° and 130.07°E in longitude, between 21.87° and 37.24°N in latitude and between 5 and 2260 m in altitude. The dataset consists of 2265 entries, including mean DBH (cm), mean H (m), volume (m3), biomass (dry weight) (kg) (stem (over bark) biomass, branches biomass, leaves biomass, bark biomass, aboveground biomass, roots biomass, total trees biomass) and related information, i.e. geographical location (Country, province, study site, longitude, latitude, altitude, slope, and aspect), climate (mean annual precipitation-MAP and mean annual temperature-MAT), stand description (origin, age, canopy density and stand density), and sample regime (plot size, number and investigation year). Our results showed that (1) the best prediction of height was obtained using nonlinear composite model Height = $$1.3 + 34.23*(1 - {\text{e}}^{{\left( { - 0.01025*{\text{DBH}}^{1.347} } \right)}} )$$ 1.3 + 34.23 ∗ ( 1 - e - 0.01025 ∗ DBH 1.347 ) , (R2 = 0.8715, p < 0.05), (2) the equation Volume = DBH2/(387.8 + 19,190/Height) (R2 = 0.9833, p < 0.05) was observed to be the most suitable model for volume estimation. Meanwhile, when the measurements of the variables are difficult to carry out, the volume model Volume = 0.03957 − 0.01215*DBH + 0.00118*DBH2 (R2 = 0.9573, p < 0.05) is determined from DBH only has a practical advantage, (3) the regression equations of component biomass against DBH explained more significant than 86% variability in almost all biomass data of woody tissues, which were ranked as total trees (97.25%) > aboveground (96.55%) > stems (with bark) (96.17%) > barks (88.95%) > roots (86.71%), and explained greater than 64% variability in branch biomass. The foliage biomass equation was the poorest among biomass components (R2 = 0.6122). The estimation equations derived in this study are particularly suitable for the Chinese fir forests in China. This dataset can provide a theoretical basis for predicting and assessing the potential of carbon sequestration and afforestation activities of Chinese fir forests on a national scale.