SiO2 Based Composites For Lithium Ion Battery Anodes: A Review

The application of SiO2 as a lithium-ion battery anode material has attracted attention due to its higher theoretical capacity compared to commercial carbon, low discharge potential, and abundance in nature. However, SiO2 has limitations that restrict its widespread use as an anode due to its low electrical conductivity and volume expansion during cycling. Modifying the properties of SiO₂ using other materials as composites is an effective strategy to overcome these limitations. In this review, the progress and role of SiO2-based composites in improving electrochemical performance will be discussed. First, we briefly discuss the development and sources of SiO2 material as a lithium-ion battery anode. In addition, the mechanism of lithium storage and the challenges faced in the application of SiO2 anodes are discussed by reviewing solutions to overcome them, including modifications to the nano and porous structure of SiO2. Furthermore, the review focuses on the application and development of SiO2-based composites in improving the electrochemical performance of lithium-ion batteries to provide an overview of the challenges and prospects for the development of SiO2 anodes in lithium-ion batteries. HIGHLIGHTS SiO2 is an alternative material that is abundant in nature, inexpensive, and has low toxicity. SiO2 has poor electrical conductivity, which poses a challenge for its application as a battery anode. The electrochemical performance of SiO2 anodes can be improved by modifying the nano structure, particle and pore size, SiO2 composition, and the material synthesis method. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT