Environmental Effects and Their impact on Yield in Adjacent Experimental Plots of High and Short Stem Wheat Varieties

Abstract Using Xinhuamai818 as the experimental material for high stem wheat varieties, HHH as the control plot for high stem wheat varieties（One letter represents an experimental community, and three letters represent a continuous arrangement of three communities, with the middle community as the research object, the same below.）, and SHH, HHS, and SHS as the experimental plots. Bainong307 is a dwarf wheat variety, and SSS is the control plot for the short wheat variety. There are three experimental plots: SSH, HSS, and HSH.The research results indicate that in the wheat regional experiment, when high stem wheat varieties and short stem wheat varieties are planted adjacent, there is no significant change in soil temperature and humidity in the high stem wheat variety experimental plot from November to May compared to the control plot, while the soil humidity in the short stem wheat variety experimental plot is higher than that in the control plot.The soil temperature in the experimental plot of dwarf wheat varieties in May was significantly lower than that of the control.There are a significant difference in the illumination of the upper part of the wheat canopy in the experimental plots between April and May. The illumination of the wheat canopy in the high stem wheat variety experimental plot shows a significant positive effect, while the illumination of the wheat canopy in the short stem wheat variety experimental plot shows a negative effect.Chlorophyll fluorescence index of flag leaves in high stem wheat variety experimental plot: φPo, PIabs, ABS/RC, DIO/RC, TRO/RC, ETo/RC showed an overall increasing trend, while the chlorophyll fluorescence index of flag leaves in the experimental plot of short wheat varieties showed a decreasing trend.The analysis results of the economic yield, biological yield, and yield factors in each experimental plot show that the marginal effects of economic yield and thousand grain weight in the experimental plot are particularly significant, manifested as positive effects in the high stem wheat variety experimental plot and negative effects in the low stem wheat variety experimental plot.The economic yield of the high stem wheat variety experimental plot is significantly higher than that of the control plot, while the economic yield of the short stem wheat variety experimental plot is significantly lower than that of the control plot, and the economic yield of the high stem experimental plot is significantly higher than that of the short stem experimental plot. When the control plot of high stem wheat varieties is compared to the control plot of short stem wheat varieties, the yield of the control plot of short stem wheat varieties is significantly higher than that of the control plot of high stem wheat varieties.In the wheat regional experiment, the experimental arrangement of adjacent planting in the experimental plot of high and short stem wheat varieties cannot objectively evaluate the economic yield of the tested wheat varieties.