HISTORICAL-AND-EVOLUTIONAL DIRECTION OF POTTERY PRODUCTION INVESTIGATION

В статье на основании этнографических, археологических и экспериментальных данных обобщены современные представления об эволюции некоторых сторон гончарного производства: 1 – форм сосудов, 2 – декора сосудов, 3 – глинистого сырья, 4 – составов формовочной массы, 5 – технологии конструирования сосудов, 6 – функций гончарного круга, 7 – приемов обжига сосудов и 8 – теплотехнических устройств для их обжига. Выделены закономерности этих процессов на уровне макроэволюции, мезоэволюции и микроэволюции. In the article the author regards modern data on the evolution of vessel shapes, their decoration, main plastic raw material, pottery paste, techniques of vessel construction, potter’s wheel functions, ways of pottery firing and devices for firing. The development of these sides of pottery can be seen on three qualitatively different levels: macroevolution, mesoevolution, and microevolution. The abovedescribed patterns of evolution in pottery production clearly demonstrate that its development is a complicated systematically organized process in the history of mankind. This doesn’t conflict with multiple specific pottery traditions of different nations in different epochs. On the contrary, through their variety trends and patterns in this sphere of human culture were revealed.