THE MOVEMENT OF ISLAMIC EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN THE ERA OF THE RULE OF SULTAN MUHAMMAD SHAFIUDDIN II BIN SULTAN ABU BAKAR TAJUDDIN II (1866 - 1924) SAMBAS

Movement education is the most important element in developing human capital. Education is associated with formal forms through institutions such as study classes, schools, colleges and universities. The existence of educational institutions in developing societies is very important to make society have a high level of civilization. Not to mention the education that has an Islamic nuance that is fully supported by the institution of the sultanate and encouraged by the scholars who are willing to put energy and effort so that the dream of the educational institution stands firmly. Sambas is recognized as the portico of Mecca after Acheh because of the role of its educational institutions that produced outstanding scholars in Sambas and even spread throughout the archipelago and Mecca. The objective of this study is to highlight Islamic education figures such as Sultan Muhammad Shafiuddin II bin Sultan Abubakar Tajuddin II (1866 - 1924), Sheikh Ahmad Khathib bin Abdul Ghaffar bin Abdullah bin Muhammad as-Sambasi (1803-1875) and Maharaja Imam Muhammad Basiuni Imran (1885 -1976). While the second objective is to highlight Islamic educational institutes such as Madrasah Al-Sulthaniyah which is the foundation of superior education in Sambas. The methodology of this study is to use a historical methodology that uses the Kuntowijoyo model, which is through 4 stage processes, namely heuristics, criticism, analysis and historical writing (historiography). The results of this study found that Sultan Muhammad Shafiuddin II bin Sultan Abubakar Tajuddin II (1866 - 1924), Sheikh Ahmad Khathib bin Abdul Ghaffar bin Abdullah bin Muhammad as-Sambasi (1803-1875) and Maharaja Imam Muhammad Basiuni Imran (1885-1976) were figures major in Islamic education in Sambas and Madrasah Al-Sulthaniyah became the basis for the development of Islamic education institutions in Sambas.