Calorimetry

Abstract The calorimetric study of materials is essential for considering the stability of a phase; the Gibbs energy can be determined by the calorimetry. In addition, calorimetry is very useful in characterizing the thermal properties of materials, especially the phase transition behavior, because all types of phase transition can be detected by calorimetry and the entropy change can be determined. In this chapter, various types of calorimeters, especially those for heat capacity measurements, will be introduced and also some examples of calorimetric studies of phase transition behavior of solids will be provided. Heat capacity measurement methods such as adiabatic calorimetry, relaxation method, AC calorimetry, heat pulse method, drop calorimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, and heat capacity spectroscopy are discussed. Calvet calorimeter is also discussed for high‐temperature reaction calorimetry to determine the enthalpy of formation of materials.